Variable-transmission mechanism.



I. HUTCHINSON.

VARIABLE TRANSMISSION MECHANISM.

APPLICATION m5!) AUGJ- 1915.

11 ,259, 102. I Patented Mar. 12, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I- forward jy/ M I l. HUTCHINSON. VARIABLE TRANSMISSION MECHANISM.

APPucA'noN FILED AUGJ. 1316.

1,259,102. I PatentedMar. 12, 1918. 5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

attozncq J. HU TGHINSON,

' VARIABLE TRANSMISSEON MECHANISM.

APPL'lCATlON HLED AUG.7.1916.

'1 ,259Q102. I Patnted Mar. 12, 191.8.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4;

gnuenlor 22 5 J. HUTCHINSON. VARIABLE TRANSMISSION MECHANISM.

APPucATmN FILED AUGJ. 1916'.

Patented Mar. 12, 1918. 5 SMEETSSJ"lEET 5- 1 the gearingv structures now in use.

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOB nu'rcmnsou, or asron'in, new "roan.

VARIABLE-TRANSMISSION MECHANISM.

, Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 12. ifiifit Application filed August 7, 1916. Serial No. 113,540.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I Jon HU'rcHmsoN; a

citizen of the United tates; residing at Astoria, in the count of Queens-and State of New York, have inventedmew' and useful Improvements in Variable-Transmission Mechanism, of which the following is a. specification.

This invention relates to speed varying transmission mechanism in general and pertains particularlyto apparatus designed to be used in automobiles-and take the place of This transmission may be used where it is advisable to replace the :present gear-sets and a where the use of gears isimpra'ctical and where it is difficult to regulate'the speed of the machine on which the mechanism is used. The change of speeds is accomplished,

lay-throttling the flow of liquid maintained under pressu're'by one or more small'pistons in a cylinder-or cylindersacting as pumps.

The invention "incl-udesthe use of a fluid tight casing designedjto be mounted rigidly on the frame of an automobile or other sup porting structure Theapparatus contained within the casing includes suitable umps and valve means for controlling the iihw of fluid under the action of these pumps.

One object of the invention is to provide 1 a unitary structure which will be rigid and which will include the piston cylinders together with their inner connecting compression chambers in a single annular member.

Another object of the invention includes the {combination of the pumping pistons and the unitar annular member togetherwith simple an compact means for effecting a. change in the direction of application of the power from one shaft to another.

' A further object of the invention includes,

' the specific mechanism for placing the ap paratus' in its'neutral position or in the forward or reverse position. I

A further obgect of the nvention-includes the; specific form of the control valve, the leak p'roof connection for the control handle and thespecifie mounting of'the control apparatus on the casing.

I Other objects of. the invention together with the detailsofconstruction will be explained in detailin the following specification and claims and illustrated i-n the {accompanyingdrawings in which I V a Figure 1 represents avertlcal s'ectlon taken axially of the transmission. This view shows the shafts at opposite sides of the easing together with" the pumping mechanism and control means. I

Fig. 2 is a partial section taken on the line 2-2 of Fi 1, looking in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1. This View shows the relative spacing of the radially arranged cylinders and the scoop or funnel for divers ing the fluid medium into the inlet port of the cylinders.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the link brake for operating the clutch collar.

Fig. 4 represents the control valve cperating handle in the leak proof cylindrical oscillating unit. The pistonrings are shown iniposition for preventing the flow of fluid out of the casing.

'Fig. 5 is a View of the control handle and the oscillating piston for use in the cylindrical chamber.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional View taken axially of a modification of the transmission mechanism in which the-cylinders are arranged about the axis parallel thereto instead of radially as in Fig. 1.

Fi .7 is another arrangement of the cylinders in which the casing has an inner cylindrical Wall arran ed to receive an annular rim carried by t e cylinders. This vicar illustrates a modification of the gearing used for effecting a reverse movement of the shaft.

Fig. 8 is the ball valve assembly as shown in Fig. 7

This gearless transmission includes the main casing arranged to be fastened to the frame of an automobile and includes a series of pumps within the casing. Fluid, referably a light engine oil, substantially its the interior of the casing and iscompressed within a closed chamber by the action of the pumps. WYhen the control handle is in the neutral position the pumps are idle but. on the movement of the control handle in one direction the pumps are caused to rotate with the cylinders and compress oil within the closedcliamber. A further movement of the handle in the same direction regulates a pisf-to'n valve and the flow of the oil from the compression chamber to the escape into the main reservoir or casing. A reverse movement of the control handle causes the same operation of the pumps and a reverse movement of the driven shaft.

Referring in detail to the structure 1 indicates the mam casing or fluid reservoir which is provided with an upper closure 2 for access and the insertion of oil. A drive shaft 3 projects into the interior of the casing and is provided with suitable bearings t in the casing wall. Felt oil rings 5 are provided to prevent the escape of oil along the drive shaft. That portion of the shaft 3 extending within the casing is provided with an axial bore 6 the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained. An annular casting 7 is rigidly keyed to the shaft 3 and comprises a unitary structure within which are formed the piston cylinders 8 and the annular compression chamber 9 between said pistons. The peripheral walls of this annular member 7 are continuone and arranged to be as nearly circular as possible in order to prevent the churnin of the oil when the member is rotate Within the same casting 7 there is a communicatin passage or annular chamber 10 which lea s from the compression chamber 9 to the bore of the shaft 3 which is provided with openings 6 in registry with the passage 10. Loosely mounted on the shaft 3 and in alihement with the cylinders is an eccentric 11 and loosely mounted on eccen tric 11 is an ecentric ring 12 to which are connected the connecting rods 13 for pistons 1 t. Fastened to theside wall of the annular member 7 is a scoop shaped or funnel-like nicmber 15 which extends a'pprox1 mately half way around the annular member 7 and is designed to collect oil or other fluid medium and feed the same into the inlet ports 16 of thepiston cylinders. The

outlet orts of the c linders are controlled by yie ding ball vaves 17. These outlet ports are connected to the compression chamher by the narrow passage ways 18. A bush-- ing 19 seals the end of the cylinder and is rovided with a plug 20 for retaining the 3 all valve and its spring in position.

A second or driven shaft 21 projects from the opposite side of the casing inwardly and in. alinement with the shaft 3. This shaft 21 also is provided with an axial bore 22 as-will be described. The eccentric'll has an extension 11 to which is rigidly keyed a primary gear or driving gear 23.-

Rigidlykeyed to the shaft 21' and opposite to the gear} 23 is a secondary gear or drlv'en gear 2%. Loosely mounted on the eXttHSlOH 11 and ori the shaft 21is a spider or annular member 25 which rotates freely on the extension 11 and the shaft 21 and providesa support for the pinions 26 which constitute intermediate gears between the drive gear 23 and the driven gear 24. Mounted on the interior of the casing is an adiustable rod 27 which supports the two h a...vcs of a friction brake band 28 d signed to engage and hold stationary the bearin member 25. On one end of the member 25 there is provided aclutch having teeth 29 which are securely fastened to the casing.

An extension from the shaft 32 projects inwardiy as an arm 35 arranged to engage with the connection36 which is provided at one end with a wedge shaped aw 3'6 arranged to engage the upper ends of the brake band 28 to actuate the same upon the sliding movement of the connection 36. The opposite end of the connection 36. is connected by a suitable link 36" pivoted at 36 to a clutch collar 30 arranged to actuate the clutch 30. Extending within the bore 22 and connected to the clutch collar 30 is a piston valve rod 37 connected to the piston valvcs'38 and 38" in the bore of the shaft 3. The piston valves 38 and 38 are suitably provided with rings '39 engaging the walls of the bore 6". Likewise the end of the shaft 21 which'exten'ds into the center of the gear 23 is provided with a piston ring or other means to prevent the escape of oil lengthwiseof saidjshaft. The piston valves 38 and 38 are arranged tocontrol the passage of fluid from the compression cha mber 9 and conduits'lO and itsjescape to the interior of the casing; 'To prevent the flow of'oil from the cylinder around the control handle the cylindrical wa'll'33 and the rocker shaft 32 are provided with suitable packing rings 32 located adjacent the end of the shaft and to either side of the upper and lower openings in the cylinder: wall. The shaft 21 isprovi'ded with suitable" packing rings and bearingsand the casing ispro- .vided with 'a'suitable' tan atit's lowermost point for convenience in draining the casing.

The operation of'the machine is substantially as follows." When the shaft? is rotating the cylinders revolve cl ockwise,'Fig. 2. In order to move the transmission shaft 21 in the same direction as the shaft 3 the lever 31 is moved forwardly, to the left in Fig. 1, and the connection 36 is moved to the right, the band 28 is released from the Wedging action of the jaws 3(i and' the clutch jaw members 30' are placed into engagement with the jaw members'29 bythe movement of the clutch collar 30 tothe left. At "the same time the piston valve rod 37-'is'inovecl.to the left and the piston valve'38 is" moved with respect to the portsfi creating pressnrein the cylinders as the pistonsar'e' operated. The length of'the'valve' rodf 37 is so arranged that the clutch teeth '29 and-30 areinmesh -at least slightly before the valve 38' closes either the shafts 3 01:21 causes the balls 40' the port 6* and all. further movement of the lever 31 and the clutch collar regulates the size of the port 6". In order to move the car backward and to rotate the transmission shaft 21 in an opposite direction of that of the shaft 3 the lever 31 is moved rearwardly, to the right in Fig. 1, the connection 36 is moved to "the left and the wedge shaped jaws 36 engage the upper ends of the friction band 28' and cause the latter to grip the annular bearing member 255,;bolding the member 25 still and the pinionsQG stationary. The power then is transmittdby. the

gear 23 through the gears 26 to the driven.

gear 2.4% the insertion of the intermediate gear 26 causing the gear 24- to rotate in opposite direction. Continued movement of the lever 31 to the right causes the valve 38 to be moved to the right and closethe ports 6*. When the gear 23 isconnected up to the shaft'21 by either of the two methods just mentioned, the eccentric which is keyed to the gear 23, also moves with the shaft 21 or remains stationary according tothe status of the shaft 21. The pistons are operated by the eccentric l1 turning within the ring 12 and oil is compressed in the chamber 9 and passageways 1G. The movement of the P1S- ton valve by the control lever 'allov:s for the control of the pressure within the compression chamber 9 and pcrmitsthe freedom. of pumping movement by the pistons. If It is desired to have the shaft 21 rotate at the same rate of speed as the shaft 3 the ports- 6 are closed by the valve 38 and the' pistons 14 proceed to compress the oil with'n the chamber Very little time is required to render further pumping impossible and the shaft 21 will be caused to rotate by the shaft 3.

Referring in detail to the structure shown in Fig. G it. will be noted thatthe control mechan'sm substantially the same. The

cylinders, however. are arranged parellel tothe axis of the shafts and 21 andinstead of beingprovided with an cccentrc ring,

the driving gear 231s rigidlvcoupled'to a cam plate 40 which is annular in design and provided withslotted balls 46 on its pe riphery which have a ball and socket connection with the pistons. The revolution of to slide around the plate 40 and to operate the pistons. The fluid is compressed m the chamber 9 and allowed to escape to the interior of the casing by means of episton valve with n the bore of the drive shaft.

- Corresponding parts inthis modification are denoted by similar numerals as those in Fl I. lleferring in detail Fig. 7 it'will be notedthat the casi-nlgl is provided with a cylindrical inner W3 1 for artof its length denoted by the numeral- 1.' In th s type of machine the annular 7 has an 2111- and location of housing and fluid reservoirya nular rim at the outer ends of the cylinders noted. as 42. An annular groove 43 in this rim 42 corresponds with and is in alinement With a similar groove '44 in the cylindrical Wall 41.- On the pumping action of the pistons fluid is discharged out past theball valves 4:5, -Fig. 8 into. the annular grooves 43 and ll which constitute a' compression chamber. A discharge from this chamber is controlled by means. of an oscillating valve 46 which controls the outlet passages 47 to the interior of the main casing and the reser voir. This valve 46 is similar to the design The ball vulve illustrated in Fig. 7" and Fig. 8 is composed of a plurality of plate members. hav ng .a central opening and adapted to fit over the ball of the valve. As

ot the rocker shaft leak proof control appa- .ratus described in connection with Fig. .1, the

seen inFig. 8 a coiled spring extends from I each plate member and the assembled springs endv plate members extend around the cylindeiis in the compression chamber to re-' tain the ball valves in position.

From the .fore oingit 'Will be obvious that the herein escri-bed mechanism provides for. a simple and eificient'substitute for the gear set as used in transmission mechanism. The only working fluid necessary is a light. weight machine oil which'cannot be lost easily fromth'e casing. Consequently cost of operation is necessarily low. As a,

transmission mechanism; for automobiles itis possible t'o'proceed from a stand-in position to full speed Without the ti'ou leof shifting gears and .by the simple'mo'vement of a single'lever. In climbing hills andin other heavy duty work the speed ofthe car can be regulated according to the ower of the engine and the grade of the hi I, avoiding racing or overlies-tin of the engine as well as the necessity of c anging gears.

Changes in material, relative size, shape v 4 LA hydraulic clutch comprising'e stationary main casing constituting a combined rimary ro tatable shaft extending into sui casing and provided withian axial bore within the easarts may be made' without 11 departing from t e scope of the invention.-

mg, said bore hevinga dischtfi'ge'port into said casing, a revoluble annular member within said casing rigidly mounted on said shaft and including a plurality of cylinders radially arranged with respect to said shaft and having inlet and outlet ports and communicating conduits between said outlet ports and said axial bore, pistons in said cylinders, connecting rods for said pistons,

an annular ring providing bearings for said connecting rods, an eccentric drive member engaging said annular ring and loosely mounted on said shaft, a primary gear rigidly fastened to said eccentric member,

"a driven shaft extending into said casing,

connecting means between said driven shaft and said gear, and control means including a slidable piston valve within said axialbore arranged to control ,the passage of fluid from said communicating conduits into Said axial bore.

2. A hydraulic clutch comprising a stationary main casing constituting a combined housing and fluid reservoir, a primary rotatable shaft extendin into said casing and provided with an axia bore within the easing, said bore having a discharge port into,

said casing, a revoluble annular member Within said casing rigidly mounted on said shaft and including a plurality of cylinders radially arranged with respect to said shaft and having inlet and outlet ports and communicating conduits between said outlet ports and said axial bore, pistons in said cylinders, connecting rods for said pistons,.

anannular ring providing bearings for said connecting rod, an eccentric drive member engaging said annular ring and loosely mounted on said shaft, a primary gear ,rigidly fastened to Saideccentric member, a secondary shaft extending into said casing rotatable sha'ftextencling into said casing and provided with an axial bore, a revoluble annular member rigidly mounted on said shaft and comprising-a plurality of cylins ders and having interconnected fluid compression chambers between said cylinders and inconncction with the discharge ports of each-cylinder, communicating conduits from said compression chambers to the bore of said primary shaft, pistonswithiu said cylinders, drive means for operating said pistons, and control mean's ihcluding a piston duits between said out ct ports and sai tionary main casing constituting a combinedhousing iand fluid reservoir, a rimary rotatable shaft extendmg into sai casing and rovided'with an axial bore within the casmg, a revoluble annular member Within said casing rigidly mounted on said shaft and including a plurality of cylinders radially arranged with respect to said shaft and having inlet and outlet ports, fluid supply scoops attached to. said revoluble annular member adjacent said inlet ports, said annular member havin communicatin d axial bore, pistons in said cylinders, connecting rods for said pistons, an annular ring providing bearings for said connecting rod, an eccentric drive member engaging said annular ring and loosely mounted on said shaft, a primary gear rigidly fastened to said eccentric member, a driven shaft extending into said casing, connecting means between said driven shaft and said gear, and control means including a slidable piston valve within said axial. bore arranged to control the passage of fluid from said cone municating conduits into said axial bore;

5. Ahydraulic clutch comprisinga sta-' tionary main casing constituting a combined housing and fluid reservoir, :1 primary rotatable shaft extending into said casing and provided with an axial bore within the easing, said bore-having a discharge port into said casing, a revoluble annular member within said casing rigidly mounted on said shaft and including a plurality of cylinders radially arranged with respect to said shaft and having inlet and outlet ports and communicating conduits between said outlet ports and said axial bore, pistons in said cylinders, connecting rods for said pistons;

an annular ring providing bearings for said connecting rod, an eccentric drive member engaging said annular ring and loosely mounted on said shaft, a primary gear rigidly'fastened to said eccentric member, a.

secondary shaft extending into said. casing, a primary clutch element driven by said primary gear, a secondary clutch element connected to said secondary shaft and adapted to engage with said-primaryclutch element to drive said secondary shaft in the same direction of rotation as that of the primary shaft, and control means including a slidable piston valve within said axial bore arranged to control the passage of fluid from saidcommunicating conduits into said axial bore, said control means constituting! unitary means for operating said primaiy and secondary. clutch elements and said valve. a I

6. A hydraulic clutch comprising a staitionary main casing-constituting a combined secondary "housing and fiuid reservoir, a primary rota- :table shaft extendinginto said casmg and provided with an axial bore within the cas ing, said bore having a discharge port into said casing, a revoluole annular member within said casing rigidly. mounted on said shaft. and including a pluralifty.:of..cylinders radialh arran ed with res cot "tb' said g l. Within sai shaft and having inlet and outlet ports and communicating conduits between said outlet ports and said axial bore, pistons in said cylinders, connecting rods for said pistons, an annular ring providing bearings for said connecting rod, an eccentric drive'member engaging said annular ring and loosely mounted on said shaft, a primary gear rigidly fastened to said eccentric member, a secondary shaft extending into said casing and having a central bore in alinement with the bore of said primary shaft, a primary clutch element driven by said primary gear, a secondary clutch element connected to said secondary shaft and adapted to engage with said prii tltj clutch element to drive said halt, a piston valve Within the bore of said primary shaft, a piston valve rod extending from said valve into said boreof said secondary shaft, and unitary control means for regulating said piston valve and the operation of said primary and secondary clutch elements, said piston valve controlling the passage of fluid from said communica'ting conduits into the bore of said primary shaft.

'l. A hydraulh: clutch. comprising a Sta tionary main casing constituting a'combined housing and fluid reservoir, a primary rotatable extending into said casing and provided with an axial bore within the casingi bore having a discharge port into said casing, a rsvoluble annular member within said casing rigidly mounted on said shaft and including a plurality of cylinders radially arranged with respect to said shaft and having inlet and outlet ports and communicating conduits between said outlet ports and said. axial bore, pistonsin said cylinders, connecting rods for said pistons, an annular ring providing bearings for said connecting rod, an eccentric drive member engaging. said annular ring and loosely mounted on said shaft, a. primary gear rig idly fastened to said eccentric member, a secondary shaft extending into said casing, a secondary gear rigidly fastened to said sliat't an intermediate gear said secondary gear supporting means for said intermediate gear comprising an annular rotatable bearing memher a brake for regulating the rotation ofsaid bearing member,

' control means for operating said brake, and

control means including a slidable piston valve within said axial bore arranged to cylinders, connecting rods-for said pistons,

m0unted on said sh'aft, "a' primary gear rigsaid bearing member and" controlling the tened to. said eccentricmen;

a central bore in alincm'er it" with the bore control the passage of fluid from said communicating conduits into said axialbore.

8. A hydraulic clutch comprisingla sta-v tionary main casing constituting a combined housing and fluid reservoir, aprimary rotatable shaft extendinginto said casing and provided ivith an axial bore Within the oils ing, said bore having a discharge port into said casin a revoluble annular member casing rigidlyinounted. on said shaft and including a'pl'urality of cylinders radially arranged with respect to said shaft and having in ct and o'utlet ports and communicating conduits between said outlet ports and said axial bore, pistons in said an annular ring providing bearings for said connecting rod, an eccentric drivemember engaging said annular ring and loosely idly fastened to saidhmentricmember, a secondary shaft extending .into said casing,

a secondary gear rigidlyfastened to said secondary shaft, an intermediate gear mesh- Y ing with said primary gear and with said secondary gear, supporting means for said intermediate gear;,.'compri sing an annular rotatable bearing member, 'and unitary com I trol means dor' regulating; the rotation of passage of fluid from} said"communicating conduits into said axial bore." y

9. A hydraulic clutchxcomprising a jstationary main casing constituting-a combined housing and'fiuid reservoir, a primarytrotatable shaft extending'into said casing and provided With-an axial horewithii-i' the casing, said bore having a discharge port into said casing, a revoluble annular member Within said casing rigidly mountedon said shaft and including a plurality of cylinders radially arran edWith respect to said shaft and having inlet and outlet ports and communicating conduits between said outlet ports and said axia-lj'bore; pistons in said cylinders, connecting rods for said pistons,- an annular ring providing;be'arings fOrfi lld c'0nnecting rods; an eccentric drivemember en fl gaging saidannular-ningand looselymounted on said shaft,' a primary" e1", a secondary. shaft extending into 'aid c'asing and having I of said primary shaftl'a secondary gear rigidly fastenedto said secondary :sha ftpan' intermediate gear =meshin with said pr mary gear and with-'sai secondary ear, supporting means==for-said interme iate gear comprising an annular rotatable bears ing member, a vbrake for regulating the rotation ofsaidbearingunemb'er, "a-

' valve within the bore of said pri'iiiary'shaf t, a piston valve rod extnding'lfromsiild vali e" into said bore of said secondary shaftfia-n'd a. single unitary control means for regulatearrigidly fas- 11 said-brake on said ing the rotation of said bearing member and the movement of said piston valve whereby the passage of fluid from said communicating conduits into said axial bore of said primary shaft is controlled.

10. In combination with a hydraulic clutch, a rotatable member therefor, a primfiy gear rigidly connected to said rotata' rotatable member, a secondary gear rigidly connected with said shaft, intermediate gears between said primary gear and said secondary gear, a rotatable spider meinber constis tutin'g bearing means for said intermediate gears, a brake for regulating the rotation of said spider, clutch means connected to said spider, secondary clutch means slidably mounted on said shaft and revoluble therewith, and unitary control means for regulat ing the action of said brake on said rotatable s ider and for bringing said secondary clutch means into engagement With said clutch means on said spide'r,"the' rotation of said rota'table'member and said shaft being in the same direction when said clutch members are in engagement and said "spider bearing member-is freetorotate, "and the direction of rotation being reversed when such clutch members aredisengaged and said brake is applied to hold sta ionary the spider bearing member."

-11. In combination with a hydraulic clutch,

a rotatable men'ibertherefor, a primary gear rigidly connected with said rotatable member, a shaft in alinement with said rotatable member, a secondary gear rigidly connected to said 'shaft,*interniediate gears between 'saidprimary gear and said secondary gear, a rotatable spider member eonstituting bearing means for said intermedi ate gears, a brake for controllingthe rotation of said spider, clutch means connected to said spider, secondary clutchmeans slidably mounted on said shaft'and .revoluble therewith. a valve for controlling the opera.-

tion of said hydraulic clutch, and unitary of said valve,.'for regulating the action of rotatable spider and for bringing said secondary cl'utchmeans into engagement with the clutch means on said spider, the rotation of saidrotatable member and said shaftbeing'in the same direction when said clutch members are in en agement and said spider free to rotate and the direction of rotation being opposite when said clutch members are disengaged and said" spider bearing' t1on of said brake.

12.. In combination with a hydraulic ember is held stationary by the applicae member, a shaft in alinement with said clutch,

clutch, a combined casing and fluid reservoir, axially alined rotatable members, gears Within said casing and rigidly keyed to said rotatable members, intermediate gears between said gears on said rotatable members, a revoluble bearing member rotatably mounted within said casing and supporting said intermediate gears and having a circular peripheral braking surface, a friction brake within said casing and inclosing said bearing member and adapted to engage said braking surface, a support for said brake rigidly connected to the interior of said casing, and control means for actuating said brake extending from the interior of said casing to the exterior thereof.

. 13.-In a hydraulic clutch, the combination of a stationary casing constituting a combined housing and fluid reservoir, a hydraulic pump Within said casing, 21. control valve for said pump, a primary rotary driven element connected to said pump, a primary gear fastened to said primary driven element, a shaft extending into said casing, a secondary gear rigidly fastened to said shaft, an intermediate gear in mesh With said primary gear and with said secondary gear, supporting means for said intermediate gear comprising an annual rotatable bearing member, a brake for regulating the rotation of said bearing member, and unitary control means for regulating the rotation of said bearing member and the control valve of said pump.

14. In combination with a hydraulic a combined casing and fluid reser voir, and a control handle and valve mount ed on said casing and extending to the interior of the same comprising a cylinder, an oscillating piston within said. cylinder, piston rings on said piston adjacent the ends thereofand in engagement with the Walls of said cylinder, said cylinder having openings at opposite sides thereof near its middle portion, an arm projecting from said piston through one of said openings into the interior of said casing for actuating apparatus therein, and an operating handle extending through the opposite opening whereby the piston is oscillated, said piston rings preventing the escape of fluid from the interior of said casing when said. piston is actuated.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto setmy hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. JOB HUTCHINSON. Witnesses: ALFR D URBAN, R. RANDEL Vaxomrax. 

